Therapeutic exercise is defined as the prescription of physical activity that primarily involves the active function of the muscles of the affected and healthy limb, as well as physical activity aimed at symptom relief and returning the patient to their pre-injury level of activity. After being evaluated and completing initial treatments to improve their symptoms, the patient proceeds with the creation of an individualized treatment program.

That is, there are active exercises ranging in difficulty from simple to complex that the patient performs. They are carried out for the prevention, but mainly for the rehabilitation, of musculoskeletal (and non-musculoskeletal) conditions, primarily through the strengthening of the musculoskeletal system under the guidance of a specialized physical therapist, whose role is central.

Therapeutic exercise involves specialized exercises tailored specifically to each individual patient, aiming at strengthening as well as the safe return of the patient to their optimal activity level. The physical therapist prescribes specific strengthening exercises of defined intensity, range of motion, and resistance, and guides the patient in executing them correctly.

As the therapeutic program progresses, more demanding exercises are added to keep pace with the patient's recovery. These progress into functional exercises that simulate daily activities (occupational, athletic, or general) to ensure a successful return to them.

The key to successful and complete rehabilitation is a proper patient evaluation, the application of appropriate physical therapy techniques, and a thorough rehabilitation program.